cnWave 60 GHz Fixed Wireless
High-Capacity Millimeter Wave Connectivity

Next-Generation 60 GHz Connectivity

The 60 GHz cnWave products support a wide spectrum of up to 9 GHz (57-66 GHz) that is typically divided into channels of 2 GHz each. The 60 GHz band is largely uncongested when compared to 2.5 GHz and 5 GHz public bands, which are currently used for Wi-Fi. The 60 GHz band is an unlicensed millimeter-wave band that can provide massive speeds and throughput with Line of Sight (LoS) applications.

The 60 GHz band is located in the millimeter-wave (30 GHz to 300 GHz) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.

The millimeter-wave portion of the RF spectrum has been largely unexploited for commercial wireless applications. 60 GHz wireless products enable two-way wireless communications at data rates that was previously achieved using fiber optic cables.

Frequency bands

The 60 GHz band is divided into 11 channels, each with a bandwidth of 2.16 GHz starting from 57.24 to 70.2 GHz. Channels 1 to 6 support 2.16 GHz bandwidth and are defined in 802.11ad. Channels 9 to 13 support 4.32 GHz bandwidth and are added to 802.11ay.

Table 1: Channels and corresponding bandwidths

Channel	Bandwidth (GHz)	Center (GHz)	Minimum (GHz)	Maximum (GHz)
CH1	2.16	58.32	57.24	59.40
CH2	2.16	60.48	59.40	61.56
CH3	2.16	62.64	61.56	63.72
CH4	2.16	64.80	63.72	65.88
CH9	4.32	59.40	57.24	61.56
CH10	4.32	61.56	59.40	63.72
CH11	4.32	63.72	61.56	65.88

Characteristics

High throughput capability: With multi-gigabit channel bandwidth, it is possible to gain multi-gigabit capacity. Based on 802.11ad, it is possible to get a 5 Gbps PHY rate. With 802.11ay, it is possible to get a 10 Gbps PHY rate. 60 GHz cnWave products can provide 15 Gbps Ethernet rates with channel bonding enabled. For channel bonding (CB2), MCS13 is supported and this has a PHY rate of 7.7 Gbps.
Unlicensed and interference free: The V band is typically unlicensed or lightly licensed, making it less prone to interference than 2.4 and 5 GHz bands.
Line of Sight (LoS): 60 GHz is affected by oxygen absorption which varies across the band. For instance, absorption is 15 dB/km at 60 GHz, 5 dB/km at 64 GHz, and 0.5 dB/km at 68 GHz. Channels 2 and 3 experience higher absorption, while higher channels (like 4+) experience less. Hence, 60 GHz requires clear LoS — Near-LoS or Non-LoS links do not work effectively.

Ethernet Loop Prevention

cnWave OpenR is a Layer3 routing protocol so there is no concern about Ethernet Loop. To pass Layer2 traffic transparently, the system can be configured to provide L2GRE tunneling, using the POPs as tunnel concentrator. This results in a hub and spoke logical topology such as below, so there is no loop either.

An Ethernet Loop would be created when the switch is connected to both tunnels at the same time, and this is exactly what happened in a hardware redundancy setup.

To break the loop, it is recommended that the switches turn on RSTP protocol. We also recommend configuring the switch at the POP sites to be root bridge so that the POP’s backhaul port will not be the one to be blocked for breaking the loop – we want the switch port that is connected to one of the tunnels at the remote site to be blocked instead.

POP Failover Optimization

In a multi-POP (at least 2 POPs) network, the L2GRE tunnels concentrators (POPs) are assigned to each tunnel automatically based on the number of the hops that each node is from the POP. The network will use the least number of hops for the tunnel. As a result, it is possible that tunnels from the cnWave nodes at the same site be assigned to the same tunnel concentrator POP. If that POP fails, the tunnels will be temporarily re-assigned to other POP as concentrator and this failover will take more than 10 seconds, which means service down time for more than 10 seconds for the sites affected.

However, with careful engineering, the operator can configure preferred-tunnel-concentrator assignment so that the tunnels at the same site be split into different POPs. As a result, the failover downtime caused by POP failure will be totally dependent on how fast the switch RSTP reconverge. Typically, RSTP reconverges within less than 6 seconds

cnWave 60 GHz Products

cnWave V1000

Compact client node, dual gigabit capability for last-mile or access links

cnWave V2000

Features a 2.5 GbE PoE input port as well as a 2.5 GbE PoE 802.3at output port

cnWave V3000

High-capacity client node — up to 7.6 Gbps throughput with channel bonding

cnWave V5000

Robust distribution node with multi-sector capabilities and high throughput

cnWave 60 GHz Specifications

Parameter	V1000	V2000	V3000	V5000
Frequency Range	57–66 GHz	57–66 GHz	57–66 GHz	57–66 GHz
Channel Width	2.16 / 4.32 GHz*	2.16 / 4.32 GHz*	2.16 / 4.32 GHz*	2.16 / 4.32 GHz*
Channel / Carrier Bonding*	Up to 2 adjacent channels	Up to 2 adjacent channels	Up to 2 adjacent channels	Up to 2 adjacent channels
Mode of Operation	PMP Client or PTP	PMP Client or PTP	PMP Client or PTP	PMP or PTP
Channel Access	TDMA / TDD	TDMA / TDD	TDMA / TDD	TDMA / TDD
Ethernet Interface	1× 100/1000 BaseT (PoE In)	1× 2.5 GbE PoE In 1× 2.5 GbE PoE Out (802.3at)	1× 100/1000/10G BaseT (PoE In) 1× 100/1000 BaseT (PoE Out) 1× SFP+ (1G/10G)	1× 100/1000/10G BaseT (PoE In) 1× 100/1000 BaseT (802.3at PoE Out) 1× SFP+ (1G/10G)
Protocols Supported	IPv4, IPv6, Layer 2 Bridge, Layer 3 IPv6 Routing, Open/R Distributed Networking
Network Management	cnMaestro, HTTP, HTTPS, SNMP v2c & v3
MTU	1900 bytes	1900 bytes	1900 bytes	1900 bytes
VLAN	802.1ad (QinQ), 802.1Q with 802.1p	802.1ad (QinQ), 802.1Q with 802.1p	802.1ad (QinQ), 802.1Q with 802.1p	802.1ad (QinQ), 802.1Q with 802.1p
Encryption	128-bit AES	128-bit AES	128-bit AES	128-bit AES
Firmware Security	Signed Firmware Images
Modulation & Coding Schemes	MCS-0 (BPSK) to MCS-10 (16-QAM)	MCS-0 (BPSK) to MCS-12 (16-QAM-3/4)	MCS-0 (BPSK) to MCS-12 (16-QAM)	MCS-0 (BPSK) to MCS-12 (16-QAM)
Latency	< 1 ms	< 1 ms	< 1 ms	< 1 ms
Maximum EIRP	38 dBm	49 dBm	60.5 dBm (44.5 dBi) / 54.5 dBm (40.5 dBi)	38 dBm
Antenna Gain	22.5 dBi (Integrated)	34.5 dBi (Integrated)	44.5 dBi or 40.5 dBi	22.5 dBi (Integrated)
Beamforming Scan Range	±40° az / ±20° el	±10° az / ±4° el	±2° az / ±1° el	±140° az / ±20° el
Beam Width	12°	-	0.8°	12°
Power Type	802.3af PoE	802.3at	Passive PoE (42–57 V)	Passive PoE (42–57 V)
Power Consumption	10 W	18 W (48 W with PoE Out)	30 W (60 W with PoE Out)	35 W (65 W with PoE Out)
Environmental Rating	IP66/67	IP66/67	IP66/67	IP66/67
Temperature Range	-40 °C to 60 °C	-40 °C to 60 °C	-40 °C to 60 °C	-40 °C to 60 °C
MTBF	> 40 years	> 40 years	> 40 years	> 40 years
Weight	0.46 kg (1.01 lbs)	1.9 kg (4.2 lbs w/bracket)	3.9–4.7 kg (8.6–10.3 lbs)	< 4 kg (8.8 lbs)
Dimensions (H×W×D)	169 × 100 × 54 mm	249 × 166 × 220 mm	44.5 dBi Dish: 421 × 347 × 349 mm 40.5 dBi Dish: 343 × 198 × 251 mm	280 × 186 × 103 mm (11.0 × 7.32 × 4.06 in)
Wind Survival	200 km/h (124 mph)	200 km/h (124 mph)	200 km/h (124 mph)	200 km/h (124 mph)

cnWave 60 GHz Fixed Wireless High-Capacity Millimeter Wave Connectivity